What are flat feet?
Flat foot, or pes planus, is characterized by a collapsed plantar vault, resulting in the disappearance of the inner arch of the foot. This condition is also attributed to a degree of pronation or outward twisting of the foot, which is often higher.
Where does it come from?
Flat feet have two origins: congenital and acquired.
- In its congenital form, muscular and ligament insufficiency of the foot prevents the plantar vault from developing normally.
- In its acquired form, this is a deformation of the foot that leads to alteration of the position of the bones in relation to each other.
Other factors may also cause the foot to collapse, including:
- A degenerative or inflammatory disease affecting the tarsal joint (osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis);
- Functional disturbances (instability of the ankle, dysfunction of the posterior hamstring, leg length inequality);
- A trauma (ligament tear or fracture);
- Physical activity;
You should know that flat feet in young children are completely normal since formation of the plantar vault only begins with the first steps.
How can it be recognized?
The frequent symptoms, which appear while walking or standing, are:
- Pains along with the plantar vault or behind the inside bone of the ankle joint;
- Walking in abduction (feet pointing outward);
- Outward deviation of the heels;
In general, flat feet do not cause pain. When pain is present, it is often related to excess weight or a biomechanical disorder. On the other hand, several pathologies can often be associated with flat feet, such as:
- Bunions;
- Callosities;
- Plantar fasciitis;
- Periostitis;
- Ankle, knee, hip, and even back problems.
Treatment solutions for flat feet:
- Opt for a foot orthosis
The foot orthosis indicated for flat feet is designed from very comfortable materials. It optimizes shock absorption, eases the areas here support is excessive and supports the arches of the foot. It avoids falls and sprains and prevents the progression of deformations.
- Choose an orthopedic shoe
It is recommended to wear an adapted shoe that respects the anatomy of the foot, avoids compression of the foot and the toes, and facilitates walking. The ideal height is less than one inch.